Surgical removal of an inflammatory lung lesion led to remission of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) — a type of ANCA-associated vasculitis — in a 77-year-old woman in Japan, without the use of immunosuppressive therapy, a case report describes. In cases of GPA without severe lesions, a “reevaluation of the…
People with ANCA vasculitis (AAV) in long-term remission have increased arterial stiffness, a sign of cardiovascular disease, a study reports. The mechanisms underlying acute cardiovascular disease risk in AAV were associated with endothelin-1, a molecule that promotes blood vessel narrowing. In the placebo-controlled study, blocking endothelin-1 receptors was found…
Elevated levels of certain pro-inflammatory proteins were found in the bloodstream and urine of people with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), and correlated with disease severity, a study shows. Findings suggest that two of these proteins — S100A8/A9 and S100A12 — from the S100 family of proteins, play a role in…
The function of endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) is impaired in people with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) — a type of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) — who are in disease remission, according to a recent study. Impairments in ECFCs’ ability to repair damaged blood vessels — their normal role — even…
Blood levels of molecules called soluble immune checkpoints (sICPs) may serve as biomarkers of relapse risk in people with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), a study found. Patients with lower levels of these molecules were more likely to relapse after being in remission following treatment with rituximab, but were less likely…
Symptoms affecting the eyes and ears are significantly more common in adults with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) who developed hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP), a rare condition marked by brain inflammation, a study from Japan reported. Notably, sudden vision or hearing loss was found in AAV patients with HP, suggesting that eye…
Similar to neutrophils, circulating immune macrophage cells contribute to lung bleeding and damage caused by ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), a study showed. These circulating macrophages were found to have an abnormally activated DNA sensing system — typically used to detect foreign DNA and fight infections — that promotes inflammation. Deleting these macrophages…
A 16-year-old girl developed granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), a type of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV), after being infected with SARS-COV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, according to a recent case report. Hers is the fourth known case of pediatric-onset AAV following COVID-19 infection, suggesting the virus could…
Tavneos (avacopan) will soon be available as an add-on treatment for adults in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland with severe, active granulomatosis polyangiitis (GPA) or microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), the two main types of ANCA vasculitis (AAV), following a decision by regulatory authorities. The National Institute for Health and…
Men with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) have a 1.54 times higher risk of dying within one year than female patients, a new study finds. According to authors, “this [finding] may provide a reliable predictor for clinicians to judge the prognosis and select active treatment for patients with AAV.” The report,…
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